UNIT 23 – TASK 1

By Shabaz Akhtar, S0228395

Development

Early designs eg restricted by hardware

This was difficult for people, quite some time ago, as technology back then wasn’t advanced as it is now. This can be seen with digital phones, laptops that are touch screen, video calling on the internet through webcam, and much more. If you had an early design and you wanted it, out as fast as possible, you would be restrained or have difficulty with it as the hardware may be slow pace, problems 24/7 or just the hardware cannot process it fast enough.

This person will have difficulty as his upload speed is 0.5 and that’s really slow and could cause many problems. The higher the upload/download speed the better for your hardware.

The negative is that it could cost more money to get better internet or to upgrade to get better, this may cost more than you think, and sometimes won’t even work whilst you pay for it and could cost you quite a bit of money.

This person will have 0 difficulty and can upload it 12x faster than the other, so that way it can help with uploading your documents, your own software or anything you want to publish will be no problem too, as this also allows you to do other things as well, such as have heavy open tabs such as YouTube, twitter, Instagram etc etc.

Designed to assist programmers

This has made it easier for people to program with help from the computers themselves, you can type a code, program, software and the computer could assist you on the way by adding a red line under the text that shows to be an error there, this can also be seen with such simple stuff as mistyping a word. Also an example is seen with SeeC helping people programming.

This could be a negative as it may confuse the user using it, and have things misplaced and they cannot locate their files as the computer may have placed it else where to keep space to minimum.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08993408.2020.1777034?journalCode=ncse20

Extended command line editor (CLE);

Whilst the development between the computers history the command line editor has been seen in old computers usually before the computer starts to boot up. However nowadays the command line editor is used to give instructions to computers such as shutting down the system.

This would shut the computer down, if you did shutdown /s and could be helpful if your mouse doesn’t work, and you could easily shutdown your computer with it, with the following keys, WINDOWS KEY, TYPE CMD AND ENTER, and type the following “shutdown /s”

This could help by having multiple things being commanded whilst it is executing other tasks. It will also execute it with minimal errors.

This could be a negative as the computer may trigger by it self causing for the PC to sometimes randomly to shut down and have it close without any warnings and have them lose progress if they had something open, and can cause more internal problems.

Graphical user interface (GUI) eg as used in Microsoft Office

A GUI (graphical user interface) is a system of interactive visual components for computer software. A GUI displays icons or thumbnails that convey information, and represent actions that can be taken by the user. The objects change colour, size, or visibility when the user interacts with them.

A positive is that is that there are multiple icons. It has it so you can use it easily and also there is really no delay when clicking on the interface, having this will make it faster and more efficient for the user.

A negative is that it may be difficult to locate with how many icons there are and you may get too much for the user and they may end up using the search button instead of looking through the icons.

Web user interface (WUI)

A web user interface, helps people see what they are doing in a website form so it could help people that do not either have a phone, or are impaired to use a phone. This could help as well if your text is too small, or the app is too confusing, as they need to fit so much information is such a small app, but on the website they can add as many things as they want under a tab, an example of that is when you clicked on my website you had to hover over something, and your in task 1 of my blog on unit 22. However, there is many other uses of WUI.

A positive use of it is to use it for timetables or scheduling times and dates for multiple things at once, this can also be used for many other users and having to set up multiple things that just one certain schedules, and many others inside the website to help sort out files, and help with sorting things out.

A negative is that you may forget it’s an online schedule and not have a mental note causing them to be in a rush and not have such things, if you are heated you won’t remember what you have going on, especially when it’s online.

This can also be used for scheduling or reminders for meetings.

Visual systems eg modern applications software

This is a really good software in two ways, entertainment and health care. Entertainment as it can be used for Virtual Reality (VR) to help see things in a “fake” world and it feels real as seen in this video.

Another good thing is for medical reasons, this can be seen helping people with heart surgery which takes PRECISE precision or one millimetre off could end the life without instant help. This has never happened and has always proven itself to be more of a positive then a negative factor. This can be seen here

A negative impact is that we cannot trust the machines as much, as they may have faults and start to go up + down, and could mess up certain things, also when you are in their for so long you lose conscious. This can be seen in this video where they try to do a challenge to stay for 24 hours inside VR, and they cannot take it as it affects your consciousnesses and mental state of mind.

Specialised interfaces eg for the visually impaired

A specialised interface is when they specialise in helping the people who are incapable of doing such things as seeing, hearing. There is many ways to help people that cannot use the website and access certain things so the website creates these mechanisms that help them, an example is shown below.

This can help with blind people by helping them with braille and assisting them where things are and can help what they want. This Braille display are electronic devices which can translate text on screen into braille output and helps them.

Another translation tool that helps visually impaired is that it helps, them see with a bionic eye and this includes a camera.

This has developed over the years and technology strives to show it’s amazing advantages by having such advancing things like making blind people see through such things as a camera.

This can be negative as the computer may not say what the person may say, and this can already be seen with auto-correct where in phones, texts where people may want to type and use a shortcut that the system gives, and say something they don’t want to say.

Areas of present and future development eg fully 3D interfaces

This would help A LOT if we continue to use AI as a source of 3D usage. The computers are faster and can process things at inhuman speeds making things faster to do that a human wouldn’t be able to process. This is good for both present and future it is positive for technology in the future and helping the economy to use it on facilities but it has more of a negative impact, having that we will lose jobs, economy problems and making things harder.

This can already be seen with many things such a 3d printing and could take less than 2 hours, to make depending how big the object is, and normally this could take for a human many days, or hours.

This can also affect the future of us as seen with Singularity being used in the future. This could help us a lot as we don’t live long as robots, and they are thinking of a method of putting our brains, into a robots and having us control it. This can also be seen with many other ideas but this is being the most speculated along with Elon Musk’s idea of a microchip.

This can be negative as others won’t be keen on getting their brain messed around with, and if it does fail, there isn’t a way back so, it’s a huge risk with someone’s life and could really have a negative effect.

Comprehensive voice recognition

This will be popular in the future as it is easier than searching with hands, and also it will be easier to search for things such as what weather it is, to set reminders, alarm clocks and so on. This can already be seen with google home, Amazon Alexa.

This is very advanced and can help people who are visually impaired or people who are not very good with computers, making it easier and faster for things to be researched.

This will help blind people if they cannot see, they can get it for the device, or people with incapable of using the webpage.

This is also negative and it can be said that it’s the same as others special interfaces with how the machine may have an error, and they cannot communicate with us.

Thought input

This will help people understand how impaired users are feeling and what they need, this will also help if people are mute, it will make us understand what they need/want us to do for them, as they cannot. This will be a big thing for the future as more and more people will need this.

This has been developed so much that we can now understand what people are thinking and wanting without communicating such things.

This can also be negative as people may not be thinking as that, and we may have a computer error and it may have random waves and we may not really understand as the computer has misread, and maybe emotions can also be a big role in how we think.

Realistic virtual reality

This could help pilot drivers understand where things are, what to do and and have a better idea of what they should expect in the pilot seat. This can also be seen with people having fun with the game.

This could help with a lot of other things too such as doctors with patients, mechanics and builders and giving them a realistic experience.

This can also sometimes go wrong as the game cannot 100% pick up every small detail and that may affect them within the actual scenario. This may vary with many things, as it may be, it’s too big of an area or too many things in one room, cannot always be picture perfect that the computer can pick up.

Society

Improve usability eg reduce specialised knowledge

This will help a lot with things getting done and make it faster, this could be used in NASA computing to help calculate what kind of velocity, trajectory of the rocket needs to be at etc, and anyone can use the computer no matter if you are a tech geek or not. This will mean people will use tech more and other tech too.

This will increase people with disabilities as many tech companies are advancing and making it so everyone can use their software or hardware.

This can be negative though, as it may take time to load websites, may have a bad user experience and not use it.

This has impacted society as everyone can use it no matter what disability, or logic you have, it’s simple to use.

Simplify input/output

This would help humans and robots work together if the input, for human is simple and can easily be read by the machine. This could help the speed of the project go faster and the machines can be helpful to the humans. This is also the opposite and could help humans understand robots terminology.

Machines are also more advanced so they will be able to process the information faster than the humans.

This can be negative as some people who are disabled cannot use, and may need assistance, but usually it will take a lot of time and dedication from that assistant.

This has impacted society as it is easier to understand the shared data from one computer to another and data can be restored so if there is a problem, it can be saved.

User friendliness

This would be nice as the humans are not very keen on the robots being that nice and they portray the robot as a very dominating machine and AI. User-friendly describes a device or a software interface that is easy to use. It is “friendly” to the user, meaning it is not difficult to learn or understand.

This has an impact on society as it will be easier to use the technology and very advanced and more people will come towards the tech side and will help people with disabilities be more comfortable with such tech.

This can be negative as some people may not like the site layout, could be complicated to find certain things and not be as simple to cancel subscriptions, cancel orders, etc. This can also be seen with contact information may be hard to find.

Domestic appliance displays

The displays on the appliances have been developed over the years, many of them have touch screen and most of them are easier to see having icons being on it. This is really good as many people will not be able to use such technology.

This has impacted society quite a bit with how things are being done faster and people who are uncapable or using can access it easier, such as visual impaired.

It can be negative as it may not process fast enough or it may not recognise an input of a user and just stay stationary from them. This will make it harder for the user to use and resulting to disliking the product.

Specialised interfaces eg for those with sight or speech problems

This is where they have such things to help people who are sight or cannot talk or communicate, and people who cannot talk can be put into a wheelchair, or use a keyboard to have a robot talk for them as they cannot. For people who cannot see can use a braille keyboard.

This has a HUGE impact on society as we are starting to make it easier for disabled people to communicate with us, and having such advanced technology will make it easier for us and them to get things done quicker. This could be seen with Stephen Hawking and how he can use such knowledge and use it to sort world problems.

This may be negative as it may take time to sync the data together and can be time wasting. It could also have it so the language isn’t right for the user and they may have difficulty changing to a language whilst not speaking it.

Interfaces for hostile environments eg remote control

Remote control allows a user to control something and this could be a car, drones and much more with a joystick, controller. This is really good, and there is no such thing as someone controlling or inside it, so there is no high risk and also it can be found really cheap to have such advanced technology.

This has an impact of society because many things can be done quicker such as drones delivering as amazon has started to be doing, while being miles apart.

This has many cons as people can steal the drones that are not for them, can steal a package or having it being sent in a hostile area where it may not be suitable for it to come across.

Data logging

Data logging is normally a device which is used to analysing or storing data about the environment around the device. This could help with sending data with a wireless or a cable linkage, and also it can be left in such a unfriendly area.

This has impacted society as we can now use this to measure the wind directions, temperature and also wind speeds etc and can also be used to store data and leave.

This also has many cons, as people aren’t so keen on having their data shared without consent and it’s becoming more of a common thing of having your data logged without your own knowledge, especially within your area you will be more keen about your surroundings.

Complexity eg fly by wire

A complexity is a controller aeroplane and if it has difficult or a error inside the program, not causing it to lift up, wings won’t work, the computing running the system will assist it with such things and cause it to work.

This has impacted society because it would make travelling a lot of safer and making others feeling safe that if something is fault, a computer will take assistance and eventually help them.

This can also be negative as people may not trust a machine and will most likely not be so ambitious about going inside the aircraft, having them have constant fear the whole ride.

Virtual reality

Virtual reality, it’s in its name. It has a virtual reality and can have creations inside and can also be used for such things to help the society such as immersive experiences that can help educate and even entertain the users.

This has impacted society as virtual reality is applied in a variety of industries, such as medicine, architecture, military, and others, helping us to understand how the immense pressure could be or be imagined and have us be more calm, comfortable with the environment.

This can also be negative as you don’t have spatial awareness and you bump into things, and punch walls and more, this can be really bad as you may hurt someone unintentionally and may cause serious harm.

Head up displays

A head up display can already be seen in modern world, inside cars it shows petrol, gas tank and shows vital information for the driver as you may not now and continue on the motorway, and have your car shutting down.

This has impacted society as you can just look down and still have vision of the road and not much of a problem as you can be safer and prevent road crashes to take place.

This may be negative, as people might have LED’s on their or something to distract them and having them constantly look their as it may be flashy or something aesthetic for them and having them losing focus causing a potential car crash.

Economy

Productivity per individual

This has benefits and negatives towards having productivity. The productivity will be a lot faster and get things done quite a bit, and will most likely cost cheaper in the long run, instead of paying workers, you can have a one time payment.

Speed up inputs also are being currently at such places like markets, and machines for money, this can help us as we can scan things and know the product of an item and can help us shop efficiently and faster.

This affects the economy and has a negative impact as people will start to lose jobs and not have many things going for them, if such things will continue, and this can already be seen with factory machines.

Reduce complexity of input

Reducing the complexity of input is key to having a good structure in a workplace. This will mean that people can use new things more easier and this can already be seen with airline companies trying to make sure they are designing a aeroplane well.

This will damage the economy as some people will not want to be on a airline as it may be complicated to use and cause some fear into the passengers.

This could be a negative because a small error or a small misconception could really have a big impact of the finished product making it.

Increase automation eg reduce human input

Increasing the automation will have a massive impact on the amount of employees that are at the place. This will heavily decrease and they won’t need such things if they have better and could even reduce to less than 5 employees.

This will help the economy by the business having more money to spend on more automation, repairs, and more upgrades within the facility. However will affect those who lose the job, and will be a struggle to find a similar job.

This could affect future developments as we may not have such jobs, and robots/machines will take over and leave us helpless, and this could be a future we may see as robots are more advanced than us.

This can be a negative as it can heavily impact us, as we may not find such jobs and machines are much more efficient and easier to use, and they are very cheap if you need things done overtime.

Text readers

A text reader will help with visual and speech impaired people, as this is the same as seen with Stephen hawking as it lets you type what ever you want to say, and it shall say it. This is very impactful and needed in the future as it may help save time and it can easily be understood and can even change languages.

This will help the economy as the user can hold a meeting, or talk to others and keep things on a constant pace with things, and this will help with communication problems and can help business and companies.

This can be a negative as people may not understand with having to type such long sentences you will start to sludge and typing faster or slower causing problems, and it may get repetitive and you may dislike it.

Automatic judgement of output

A automatic judgement of output makes things easier for us and it allows us to work more easier, efficiently and productively. This will also help with many other things to do with companies, businesses.

This will help the economy as we can use it for productivity manage and make sure that people who are more productive have a higher chance of getting a job.

This can be seen as a negative as not everything is perfect, and it could be missing a few things, could have some errors and be running throughout the night be messed up and continue to show errors, as you are asking the machine too much.

Voice Input

Voice input is kind of the opposite but has the same effect as Text readers. This is when you can use this if you are visually impaired. You can use this and it will translate it to speech speech to text.

This will help the economy too, as it lets blind people to work and allow them to work more efficiently. This could help to speed many things to do with other people and make this more productive.

This can be a negative as people may have an accent, and the machine cannot pick it up and cannot understand and can misinterpret some things wrong causing them to get frustrated. It could also pick upback ground noise causing many problems.

Thought Input

A thought input is in it’s name, it allows people who are paralysed or cannot move as much, it allows them to let us know what they are thinking, speaking about etc. This will help them get money and have a higher change of getting a well paid job.

This will help the economy as more people who are disabled, or unable to do much can now start to get more chances and help business improve productivity.

This can be negative as people don’t really have a say and cannot tell you if that’s is 100% and the machine may misinterpret the user and can be very wrong especially, if there’s emotions involved, the machine will also put that into character.

Varied working environment eg mobile communications

This can already be seen everywhere, where we can use text messages, calling to make things faster for everyone. This can help us improve many things such as what task their employee is doing, getting food and having other things done faster. Also can help the government, and many others in poor countries to communicate with low cost.

This will help the economy and is already taking place as the mobile broadband companies and also can help with making plenty of jobs and improve productivity with networking and marketing.

This can be a negative as people are constantly using it and not be so focused on other tasks at hands, causing time to fly by, whilst you are on social media and looking at videos on the internet. This can become a massive problem for people who cannot go 5m without their phones.

Culture

The ways in which people use computers eg laptops

People are starting to use computers and laptops is because it’s easier to use and can also be used for on the move. If you are on your way to work, you can do your work whilst on your way to work. This is very efficient but it does run out of battery quite fast.

This has though, affected culture and many people cannot understand the language and cannot access the computer, however there is a translation option, but this will be hard for them if they don’t understand where they are going. You can also use the computer for researching other cultures and how it is in their culture.

This does though, have a negative as people may not leave their rooms, or leave anywhere if they don’t need too as they have a computer with them, and this can cause problems with household, such as chores, listening to your parents.

Mobile Phones

Mobiles have become more popular over the years and it has many positive affects and can help for others to understand what people want and need in a short amount of time. This is a good thing as many things like a translator app has been developed.

This has helped culture as this can help when outside you can use a translator app to talk to others if u need help or lost in another area with different culture or speak different language.

This also has many negatives, as some words can be misinterpreted and may confuse the user. This is very bad as people don’t understand the language and will trust the translator and going the wrong direction or to the wrong area, causing them time.

Texting

Texting is popular as it makes it easier to such tasks as asking for things, messaging shopping and can also be used to talk to others from another country and see what their culture is like, and you can talk to multiple people whilst texting.

This has affected culture as you can now have a translate whilst texting, they may speak another language and you can either download a translator app or hold down and select different characters to talk to them in different languages. There is multiple options for multiple cultures.

A negative is that people can text for as long as they have battery, causing them to constantly texting without any breaks. This can go on for many hours, and this could separate them for the reality and having them having such a tunnel vision with their phones.

Mobile Entertainment

Mobiles have become more popular over the years as it is easy to use, can be transported around, easy to store and has many benefits. This has also been used to watch movies, documentaries and even more, and this could help them learn about other cultures.

This has affected culture in more of a positive way and people that do watch can have more of an understanding with more people, and break down any language barriers that may be between them. This can be seen in modern day with translators.

This also has a negative impact as people can put anything on the internet, and this can cause people to have a different view on such people and causing others to think the same. This is very bad as many people have an internet persona and can destroy peoples first image of a different culture.

Mobile Computing

Mobile computing has allowed us to have more advanced technology where we can use more things at the same time, and have more uses towards tech. A mobile can be used for many purposes.

This has affected cultures and people can get information about other cultures whenever, wherever and it is very use full for many things, as you may not know what is what, or want to learn something about different cultures.

This can also be a negative as computers need an internet connection, e.g. ethernet connection causing them to stay in one place having them sometimes miss work by browsing the internet and getting lost in their tracks.

https://au.reachout.com/articles/understanding-a-different-culture

Domestic Appliancies

This has the same affect as many other things, however people are not spending as much time learning how to use such things. This is also seen with dish washers and even more tech.

This has affected culture as not many people are wasting such time and it is also very easy to do things, and changes how we do such things also. This has changed a lot of things around and domestic appliances is very ethical to have.

A negative for this is that people will not be so educated on such things and can easily have this very confusing for them, and making it harder for them to start their machine. This can be having it so you don’t know which clothes to put in, temperature or what kind of speed of the machine is.

Games

The impact of games is that it has massively increased over the years and many people play it and it can change languages, countries, regions and even more for the user to have the best experience.

This has affected cultures as more people will play, and be more addicted to the game as it can be changes regions, players can be the best in the EU, NA and even change languages for their liking. This platform can also be used to make friends from the same country.

A negative is that many people within the game speak many other languages, as you may be on EU servers but people will talk another language, so there is no real barrier to have English only and you can meet Spanish speakers, Danish speakers, German speakers and many more languages that you may not understand.

Psychological and sociological impact eg impact of de-skilling
work

Deskilling is to replace someone or somebody’s job with a tech machine as it can do it faster, better and more efficiently without fault or error. This has been happening a lot recently and can be seen with many examples such as Customer service and office assistants.

This is affecting the culture as the unemployment level will steadily increase and it will cause it to be more popular and end up leaving people with guilt of them not being good enough and a robot can just take over, also having that said they may lose money and even have struggles.

A negative is that having such a disadvantage as you may think you aren’t good enough for the jobs or you may feel like incapable as a machine can do better than you at your specialised job.

Impact in the developing nations

A developing nation is when a country which doesn’t have as financial stability will not have such high tech for them. This will mean that higher countries will take over them, in financial and growing terms, as they cannot have such money to provide such high tech. This will affect the country heavily.

This has affected the culture in a negative way as the developing nation will seen as a lower class kind of country and not be getting help from other countries and this can slow them down a lot as a whole country, including the residents living inside their, and could affect their living conditions too.

Regards, Shabaz Akhtar